The simplest of Whittaker's original definitions of beta diversity is
2.
As a result, there are now many defined types of beta diversity.
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Consequently, some macroecological and community patterns cannot be fully expressed by alpha and beta diversity.
4.
Some use " beta diversity " to refer to any of several indices related to compositional heterogeneity.
5.
Invasive species seem to increase local ( i . e . : alpha diversity ) diversity, which decreases turnover of diversity ( i . e . : beta diversity ).
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Moreover, pairwise beta diversity are inadequate in building all biodiversity partitions ( some partitions in a Venn diagram of 3 or more sites cannot be expressed by alpha and beta diversity ).
7.
Moreover, pairwise beta diversity are inadequate in building all biodiversity partitions ( some partitions in a Venn diagram of 3 or more sites cannot be expressed by alpha and beta diversity ).
8.
Beta diversity quantifies how many subunits there would be if the total species diversity of the dataset and the mean species diversity per subunit remained the same, but the subunits shared no species.
9.
Beta diversity as a measure of species turnover overemphasizes the role of rare species as the difference in species composition between two sites or communities is likely reflecting the presence and absence of some rare species in the assemblages.
10.
Because the limits among habitats and landscapes are diffuse and to some degree subjective, it has been proposed that gamma diversity can be quantified for any inventory dataset and that alpha and beta diversity can be quantified whenever the dataset is divided into subunits.
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